Abbey Lincoln (1930–2010) was an influential American singer, composer and actor, whose career was characterised by her political protest as much as her deep contralto.

Abbey Lincoln

Lincoln, born Anna Marie Wooldridge in Chicago, started out as a club singer, before recording with Betty Carter. She made three albums for Riverside, which showcased her impassioned, bluesy delivery. Shortly after, she met Max Roach and sang on his “We Insist!” album. Roach had a profound impact on Lincoln’s career, and in turn her music became more politically conscious. The two were married from 1962 to 1970, and she also appeared on Roach’s “Freedom Now! Suite.” Her run of albums on Verve is considered her crowning achievement, a ten-album collection of some of the deepest post bop protest music. She passed away in New York aged 80.